Case law2022
hiQ Labs, Inc. v. LinkedIn Corp.
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Scraping publicly available data does not violate the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, though it remains subject to copyright and terms of service — context for the robots.txt and terms-of-service signals.
Citation: hiQ Labs, Inc. v. LinkedIn Corp., 9th Cir. (2022).
Backs these rules
robots-semanticsterms-of-service